It’s important to learn days and other time references early in your studies because they are often used in Japanese. Let’s start with how to say today and tomorrow. 

Days of the week 

With the days of the week you can see a pattern. Every day ends with ようび (曜日) which means day of the week and if you know a little elementary kanji already you can see that every day corresponds to a specific kanji. 

For example, Monday uses the same kanji as moon (although you pronounce it getsu instead of gatsu). 

So for some sentences:

げつようび は しけん が あります
There is a test on Monday

しけん = Test examination
あります = To be (inanimate objects)

にちようび に かえります
I will return on Sunday

かえります = To return

Months 

Months are somewhat simple compared to days for example. In Japanese the months are simply numbered. So January is いちがつ or the first month, February is にがつ or second month, etc. 

Days of the Month in Japanese 

The days of the month in Japanese are somewhat harder to remember. The pronunciation does not follow a regular pattern for all days so you have to memorize the irregular days. 

Some remarks, the first day (ついたち) is unique in itself. The 4th and 8th day look similar but the 4th day is pronounced ‘yokka’, so with a double consonant, while the 8th day is pronounced ‘yooka’, with a long vowel.